基本信息
m3u2（word study）
1、be made up of
★(1)构成,占---比例 由---组成
girls make up 45％of the students．
many small islands make up this country.
=this country___ ___ ____ ____many small islands= this country ___ ____ many small islands
一个由5个男孩组成的队伍：a team made up of 5 boys = a team consisting of 5 boys
it’s said that the team twelve top european players won the game．
a．consists of b．consisted of c．are made up of d．made up of
(2)（拓展整理） be made into---被做成了--- 被拍成了---（make---into---）
be made of---（原材料看得出） =be made out of---由---做成
be made from---由---做成（看不出原材料） (make---from---)
make it规定时间、成功、做到 赶到 make one’s way to sp.前往某地 到某地去=leave for sp.
make yourself at home请不必客气 make out(1)辨别出 辨认出(2)填写 写出(3)理解
make up for 弥补，补偿 make the most/best of 充分；利用
2. occupy★ n. occupation
(1)占领 占据 the enemy soon occupied the town.
(2) 占用(时间, 空间) reading occupies most of my free time.
(3) 担任(职务), 居(某种地位) my father occupies an important position in the club.
(4)忙于某事 occupy sb/oneself in doing sth / with sth (=devote sb/oneself to doing sth)
be occupied in doing sth /with sth (=be devoted to doing sth )
1.__________ reading history books, he even didn’t notice me coming.
a. occupied with b. occupying with c. occupied in d. occupying in
2.________ himself _____ the project, he had no time to go back home.
a. occupied; with b. occupying; with c. occupied; in d. occupying; in
3、mixture
v. mix (1)mix(v.)混合/混淆 弄混/配制 调制-mixture(n.) -mixed(adj.)
(2)mix up 拌合/混淆 搞糊涂 i was all mixed up.
(3)have a mixture of good luck and bad luck喜忧参半
4.、name…after… 以---给---命名
name(1)n.名字(2)n.名声(3)v.给---取名 name him tom
5. aside from 除---之外=apart from
aside from them, i have no one to talk with. (=except)
aside from english, he can speak german. (=besides)
6.、contribution
(1)make a contribution/contributions to (doing) sth.为---作出贡献
we should do whatever we can to make a contribution to protecting our environment.
as young people, we have to work hard and try to make contributions to our country.
(2) v. contribute contribute to---(1)有助于, 促进(2)导致-(3)捐助(4)为---作贡献(5)为---写稿
exercise contributes to good health.
he contributed two stories to the magazine.
we contributed food and clothing to the poor.
7、take control of---控制-
lose control of---失去对---的控制 sth be under control被控制住
keep---under control控制 exercise control over---对---施加控制
beyond one's control out of control
8、lead to
(1)导致 lead to (sb) doing sth.导致干某事 result in sb _____(do)/ cause sb ____(do).
hard work results in(leads to/causes) success./ success results from hard work.
he was caught in the rain, resulting in him being ill.(结果状语)
(2)通向 通往 lead to sp. all roads lead to rome. ________________（翻译）
9.replace
replace jim=take jim’s place=take the place of jim
replace a with b 用b来代替a
10.、entire (adj.)完全的 整个的
all day/the whole day/the entire day 一整天，全天
i’m in entire agreement with you.我完全同意你（修饰抽象名词只能用entire）
11. raise (1)养育 饲养 种植(2)举起 抬起(3)增加 提高 提升
(4)筹集 筹募(5)提出 发出(6)引起 唤起 扬起(7)竖起 建起
养家raise a family 养鸡raise chickens 举手raise one’s hand
提高价格raise price 抬高声音raise one’s voice 筹钱 raise money
升旗 raise the flag 提出观点 raise one’s view
注意：raise是vt. 而rise是vi. 无被动 (rose,risen) 这两个单词都不能和up连用
the sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起
12、therefore
(1)因此 所以：therefore/so/thus
they told her to water the flowers every morning, and thus(therefore) she did it.
therefore还可放在句中：they therefore can learn english well.
therefore还可作插入语：many fast food restaurant, therefore, have red furniture or walls.
(2)thus doing可作结果状语，thus可省，表示自然而然的结果, 而therefore,so没有这样的用法
he didn’t come today, (thus) making it necessary for us to find someone to do the job.
(only) to do 也可作结果状语，表示出其不意的结果。
i hurried to the station only to be told the bus had been away for 2 minutes.
13.distinction ★
what is the distinction between a and b? a和b的区别是什么？
without distinction. (毫无区别 一视同仁)
make a distinction between a and b 对a和b加以区分
make no distinction 没有区别 ，一样 (=make no difference)
14、concern
(1)n.关心 忧虑(=worry) show concern for(about)---/ raise concern about(for) -- 关心-
(2) v.涉及 关系到 be concerned with(in)--- 和----有关
(3)v.使担忧 使挂念 be concerned (=worried) about(for)----关心--- 担忧
(4)as far as…be concerned 就---而言 ★ as far as i am concerned __________（翻译)
(5)concerning介词(=about)，意为“关于 涉及" here is a letter concerning your complaint.
(6)concerned adj.担心的 忧虑的 一位忧心忡忡的母亲a concerned mother
15、ban(v./n.)---banned---banned禁止 取缔
ban sth.
ban doing sth.
ban sb. from doing sth.(类似forbid/prevent/stop)
→sb be banned from doing sth
smoking is banned in the school.学校禁止吸烟=there is a ban on smoking in the school.
16、access ★
(un.)：有办法、通道、使用、进入、权利等多种意义, 常接介词to
(v.)进入 使用
have access to----有机会(权利)进入/使用 （have no access to---）
the government should provide access to jobs for peasants who have no land.
20% of the people on earth do not have access to clean drinking water.
accessible(adj.)可接近的 可达到的 可进入的
17、character
(1)文字 符号(2) (人的)品质;性格 (事物的)性质;特性(3) (小说、戏剧等的)人物、角色
they are the two main characters in the play. 他们是该剧中的两个主角。
he has a changeable character. 他性格多变。
chinese character汉字 character表示“人物”时是可数n.；表示“性格”时，是不可
